Social Science

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Browsing Social Science by Author "Ghosh, Shreya"

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    Combating Child MarriageDuring Covid-19 And Beyond
    (Child Rights and You (CRY), 2020) Mahara, Priti; Pande, Nupur; Ghosh, Shreya
    The practice of child marriage is rooted in gender inequality and patriarchal social norms that are further perpetuated by gaps in policy and programmes on education, health and nutrition, child protection and poverty alleviation. This practice therefore tends to affect children from marginalised communities the most. Children are not a homogenous group and the impact of child marriage on boys and girls differ. For boys, marriage brings with it adult responsibilities which they may not be prepared for. Early fatherhood might create further economic pressure in the form of providing for the household as well as risk limiting boys’ access to education, skills and future employment opportunities. In the case of girls, the implications of marriage on girls’ education, safety, overall health and well-being are higher than that for boysi. Adolescent girls from marginalised communities, tend to face dual marginalisation of gender based discriminatory practices and economic insecurity. This complex interplay of factors can only be answered when the root causes are addressed, attitudinal changes are brought in regarding the role and value of the girl child in society and firm implementation of the laws, policies and programmes pertaining to Child Marriage. Empowering the girl child by equipping her with knowledge, building her agency and encouraging her participation in decision-making from the personal to the political, and control over resources is instrumental to achieving gender equality. This necessitates a multi-pronged intervention over a sustained period, with diverse stakeholders including boys and girls, their families and communities, and the system from local to national levels.
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    COVID-19 and Child Labour in India: Challenges and Way Forward
    (Child Rights and You (CRY), 2020) Mahara, Priti; Ghosh, Shreya
    The rapid spread of the novel Coronavirus (COVID-19) across the developed countries of the Global North and the low and middle-income countries of the Global South a􀆩ested to the fact that the this pandemic is one of the greatest levelers. It has led to a rise in death tolls, disrupted trade, mobility and livelihood of millions of workers across the world. It has exposed the strengths and weaknesses of health infrastructure as well as social security systems of both developed and developing countries. However, the pandemic has dispropor􀆟onately affected low and middle income countries, and even more so when it comes to the poor. As compared to developed countries, the mul􀆟-layered vulnerability and depriva􀆟on of poorer households, with the least financial capacity, without access to work, income and food has induced distress in developing countries like India (ILO 2020)i. As a result, the economic and labour market shocks have had a huge impact on people’s lives and livelihoods.
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    Cyber-safety of Children during Covid-19 and Beyo
    (Child Rights and You (CRY), 2021-09) Grewal, Japreet; Ghosh, Shreya; Mahara, Priti
    This policy brief aims to provide a conceptual understanding of the most pressing cyber-safety issues affecting children in India and makes recommendations for improving the current policy landscape in the country to more effectively address these problems. The objective here is not to take a position as favouring or opposing children’s use of internet but to contribute to a better understanding of how this medium can be made a part of children’s lives in a safer way. With children’s lives increasingly turning virtual as a result of the COVID 19 pandemic measures whether it is learning or leisure, it is imperative that the significance of digital technologies is integrated in the policy priorities for children’s safety.
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    Legal Analysis of Schedule Containing the List of Hazardous and Non-Hazardous occupati ons and Processes of the Child & Adolescent Labour (Prohibiti on and Regulati on) Act, 1986
    (Child Rights and You (CRY), 2020-10) Sapkal, Rahul; Ghosh, Shreya; Mahara, Priti
    This report examines the evolution and emerging trends in the child labour legislation in India after its enactment. It aims to study and provide a comprehensive overview of the policy making process that delineates hazardous and non-hazardous processes and occupations through a detailed examination of Environmental Protection Act, 1986 and the Factories Act, 1948. It also discusses and builds a case for giving preference to the Environment Protection Act, 1986 Act while preparing the schedule for listing hazardous and non-hazardous processes and occupations in the Child Labour (Prohibition and Regulation) Act, instead of Factories Act, 1948. It further discusses the issues related to departmental convergence, decision-making, enforcement process at the ground level and suggests policy reforms at the macro level. On the basis of the discussions it suggests a plausible policy method for identifying and classifying work under hazardous and non-hazardous occupations from the perspective of children. The last section of the report provides a comprehensive overview of segmented working conditions as documented in various policy briefs, reports and academic literature.
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    ONLINE SAFETY AND INTERNET ADDICTION
    (Child Rights and You (CRY), 2020) Sinha, Ajay Kumar; Matin, Abdul; Ansari, Yusuf; Sinha, Niraj; Jayaram, Veena; Ghosh, Shreya; Sharma, Varun
    The last two decades have witnessed phenomenal growth of Internet usage in India and worldwide. The number of users in the country is pegged at 566 million currently and is expected to register double digit growth to reach 627 million in 2019. This growth has been largely driven by increased consumption in rural areas (Kantar IMRB). According to UNICEF (2016) estimates, one third of Internet users globally are children, with the proportion of Internet users likely to be higher in the lower income countries where Internet is rapidly penetrating in all spheres of public life. Statistics by The International Telecommunication Union (ITU) show that the youth (15-24 year olds) are at the forefront of Internet adoption (ITU, 2017).
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    RAPID ONLINE PERCEPTION STUDY ABOUT THE EFFECTS OF COVID-19 ON CHILDRENCHILD
    (Child Rights and You (CRY), 2020-05) Mahara, Priti; Jayaram, Veena; Ghosh, Shreya; Sharma, Varun; Pande, Nupur; Mannan, Libza
    The pandemic that the world is currently facing due to the spread of COVID–19 (popularly known as Corona Virus) is demanding unprecedented measures and resources from all over the world. The COVID-19 threat has currently spread to more than 200 nations, which collectively have more than 3.7 million confirmed cases reported (WHO, 2020). To control the contagion and the spread of the virus, most of the nations in the world have imposed lockdown1 measure to contain the infection and keep the populace safe.